Democracy, China, and Trump Era: Strategies for Supporting Political Freedom

In the landscape of global politics, the intersection of democracy, China, and the Trump era presents a complex web of challenges and opportunities. These three elements—each significant in its own right—pose critical questions about the future of political freedom and the role of the United States in advocating for democratic values worldwide.

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As we reflect on the Trump administration's policies towards China and their broader implications for political freedoms, it is essential to understand both the opportunities and limitations in supporting democratic movements globally.

The Global Struggle for Political Freedom

Political freedom, often associated with democracy, is not a universal condition. While many Western nations—particularly the United States—have long upheld democratic principles, numerous countries around the world struggle to secure basic rights such as freedom of expression, fair elections, and civil liberties.

In the case of China, political freedom is severely constrained under the rule of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), which has grown increasingly authoritarian in recent years.

China’s political system is characterized by one-party rule, censorship, surveillance, and repression of dissent. The CCP's hold on power extends through control of information, suppression of civil society, and a growing influence over global institutions.

This model stands in stark contrast to the democratic ideals of freedom of speech, fair governance, and human rights that many democratic countries, including the U.S., promote as universal values.

The Trump Era and Its Impact on Democracy

The first Trump administration (2017-2021) marked a significant period in U.S. foreign policy, especially regarding China. During this time, the U.S. took a more adversarial approach toward China, particularly in trade, technology, and military concerns. However, the Trump administration's stance on promoting democracy globally was often criticized as inconsistent. While there were efforts to push back against China's growing influence, Trump's rhetoric and policies toward autocratic regimes at times appeared to downplay the importance of human rights.

For instance, Trump’s somewhat conciliatory approach to leaders like Russia’s Vladimir Putin and his apparent indifference toward human rights abuses in countries such as Saudi Arabia and North Korea contradicted the U.S. tradition of advocating for democracy and freedom around the world. In contrast, the rhetoric around China’s repression of Uyghur Muslims and Hong Kong’s pro-democracy movement seemed to fluctuate, often overshadowed by economic and trade considerations.

Nevertheless, there were certain strategies during the Trump years that can offer valuable insights into supporting political freedom in such a complex international context:

1. Strategic Engagement with Authoritarian States

   The Trump administration's "America First" policy focused on rebalancing trade relationships, but it also underscored a willingness to engage in strategic competition with authoritarian regimes like China. While this approach did not always prioritize human rights or democratic ideals, it demonstrated that engaging with authoritarian powers—while asserting democratic values—can be an effective way to apply pressure without resorting to full-blown conflict.

   
   

   Supporting political freedom, especially in countries like China, requires a multi-faceted approach. Economic sanctions, diplomatic pressure, and alliances with like-minded democracies can push for systemic change without antagonizing the entire nation.

   
   

2. Building Coalitions with Democratic Nations

   One of the more lasting strategies in supporting global democracy is strengthening alliances with like-minded democratic nations. The Trump era was marked by a complicated and at times strained relationship with long-standing allies. However, the shift toward building coalitions—whether through the Quad (U.S., Japan, India, and Australia) or NATO partnerships—reinforced the idea that collective action is essential to pushing for democracy in places where it is under threat.

   
   

   A critical lesson from this approach is that supporting democracy is not the work of one nation alone. Global coalitions—whether through diplomatic engagement, economic pressure, or technological partnerships—create a united front that can challenge authoritarian forces more effectively than any one country could on its own.

   
   

3. Technology and Information Freedom

   One of the defining features of the Trump administration was the increasing focus on technological competition, particularly in the realm of 5G networks and internet governance. As China invests heavily in technology and surveillance tools that control information within its borders, democracies must prioritize the development of technologies that promote openness, privacy, and free expression.

   
   

   Promoting open internet policies and ensuring that technologies are used to empower individuals rather than control them can be an effective way of fostering political freedom.

   
   

4. Promoting Human Rights Through Diplomacy

   Though the Trump administration often faced criticism for its stance on human rights, it is important to recognize that diplomatic tools remain one of the most effective methods for advocating for political freedom. Holding authoritarian regimes accountable on the international stage, whether through the United Nations or regional institutions, is crucial for maintaining global support for democratic values.The U.S. can lead by example by prioritizing human rights in foreign policy, even if it means making difficult diplomatic choices.

   
   

The Future: Charting a Course for Global Democracy

Looking ahead, the intersection of China’s rising authoritarianism, the global challenges of maintaining democracy, and the lessons learned from the Trump era provides a clear framework for supporting political freedom. While the geopolitical landscape has evolved, the fundamental need for global solidarity in defense of democracy remains unchanged.

The Trump era highlighted the complexity of promoting political freedom in an increasingly multipolar world, especially with the rise of China as a global authoritarian power. However, it also offered valuable insights into how democracies can navigate this challenging terrain—through strategic engagement, building global coalitions, prioritizing human rights, and leveraging technology. Ultimately, the fight for democracy is an ongoing global endeavor, one that requires flexibility, cooperation, and a long-term commitment to human rights and political freedom.

What We (China Bashing) Advocate:

• We call on the Trump administration should impose sanctions on Chinese officials and entities responsible for the repression of Uyghur Muslims and Hong Kong protesters, signaling a commitment to human rights without calling for regime change.

• We urge supporting open-source platforms, digital literacy, and protecting net neutrality are crucial components of a broader strategy for advancing freedom of information, especially in dealing with the China authoritarian regime.

• We ask that the U.S. could more actively support civil society organizations in China, Hong Kong, and other regions where freedom is under threat, helping local activists and dissidents with resources and international solidarity.